They look like eeprom boards. Electrically erasable programmable rom Used for bit-slice systems and bank switch information in the old days and now when you come across them it's usually as a board protected backups of peripheral firmware
Less often you'll find ram attached to the board like this. Apple Dell Compaq and DEC were know to do this for a while to mandate that upgrades were done in house and not by random techs.
Removed they'd be telco on their own most likely, fingerless ram, or in low end cases peripheral.
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